first term agriculture lessons for primary 2
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE FIRST TERM E NOTES FOR BASIC TWO
WEEK TOPIC
1. METHOD OF FARM PRODUCE PRESERVATIONS
2. METHOD OF FARM PRODUCE PRESERVATIONS CONT.
3. MATERIALS FOR GROWING CROPS
4. MATERIALS FOR GROWING CROPS CONT.
5. SAFETY MEASURE IN APPLYING CHEMICALS
6. HOW TO RAISE ORNAMENTAL CROPS
7. HOW TO RAISE ORNAMENTAL CROPS
8. COMPOST MAKING
9. IMPORTANCE OF EACH FACTOR OF PRODUCTION
10. REVISION
Class:- Basic 4
Subject:- Agricultural Science
Week:- 1 and 2
Topic: Method Of Farm Produce Preservation
Behavioral objective:- At the end of the lesson the pupils should be able to:-
1.State the methods of preserving foods on the farm
2. Mention the importance of farm produce preservation
Instructional material/Reference material:- Learn Africa Basic Agricultural Science UBE edition for primary school book 4
Building Background /connection to prior knowledge : Students are familiar with the various examples of farm produce such as maize, tomatoes etc and their tendency to get spoilt quickly.
first term agriculture lessons for primary 2
Content
METHOD OF FARM PRODUCE PRESERVATION
The proper keeping of food until they are needed is called food preservation. Some crop Plants will need to store until the next planting season. To make sure that they are good for planting (viable), they must be properly preserved.
IMPORTANCE OF FARM PRODUCE PRESERVATION
1. To retain the freshness of the food
2. To reduce the loss of quality of the food
3. To prolong the food shelf life
4. To prevent possible contamination and infection.
METHODS OF FARM PRODUCE PRESERVATION
The different methods of farm produce preservation are:
(a) Sun drying
(b) Smoking
(c) Salting
(d) Frying
(e) Refrigeration
(f) Canning
(g) Bagging
(h) Bottling
first term agriculture lessons for primary 2
(a) Sun drying
Peeled cassava, peeled yam, maize, beans can be preserved by spreading them under the sun. Drying reduce the water content of the food stuff.
(a) Smoking
Fish and meat can be smoked with coal fire. Smoking dries the meat and fish. These meat and fish can be kept for a long time without getting spoilt.
(b) Salting
Adding salt to some food stuffs like meat and fish can preserve them for a short period of time. The salt keeps out germs away from the from the food stuff.
first term agriculture lessons for primary 2
(a) Frying
Meat, fish, chicken, plantain, yam and potato can be preserved by frying. Frying removes water from the food items so that it can be kept for a long [period of time]
(a) Refrigeration
This is a modern way of preserving food. Food items like eggs, fruits and vegetables can be preserved in the fridge. For longer preservation, meat, fish should be stored in the freezer.
(a) Canning
In factories food are processed and canned so that they can be stored for a long time. Such foods include fruits, pepper, tomato, sardine, corned beef and soup. the can is sealed after adding some chemicals called preservatives.
first term agriculture lessons for primary 2
(a) Bagging
Foodstuffs can be preserved in a bag so that they can be stored for a long time e.g. rice.
(b) Bottling
Fruit juice can be put in sealed bottles for preservation purposes.
Evaluation:-
1. What is food preservation
2. State four importance of food preservation
3. Methods of preserving food include:
(a) ________________________________________
(b) _________________________________________
(c) _________________________________________
(d) _________________________________________
(e) __________________________________________
(f) __________________________________________
Class:- Basic 4
Subject:- Agricultural Science
Week:- 3 and 4
Topic: Materials Needed To Grow Crops
Behavioral objective:- At the end of the lesson the pupils should be able to:-
1. List four materials needed for growing crops
2. Describe good seeds that can germinate easily
3. Describe good stem cuttings that can sprout easily
4. Explain the importance of fertilizer or manure.
5. List and Explain the importance of pests killing chemicals
Instructional material/Reference material:- Learn Africa Basic Agricultural Science UBE edition for priimary school book 4
Building Background /connection to prior knowledge : Students are familiar with the materials needed to grow crops
Content
MATERIALS NEEDED TO GROW CROPS
The following materials are needed to grow crops:
1. Good seeds
2. Good stem cuttings
3. Fertilizer or manure
4. Pest killing chemicals ( including weed killers)
1. Good seeds
Seeds to be grown must be viable (living healthy seeds). They must not be seeds that are affected by diseases. Examples are good seeds of beans, melon and maize grains.
2. Good stem cutting
Good stem cuttings are used in growing cassava and some tree crops. The cuttings must not be affected by diseases and must be clean and healthy
1. Fertilizer or manure
Fertilizers or manure supply mineral nutrients that serve as food to crop plants. They are usually added to the soil to make our crops grow well and healthy.
2. Pest killing chemicals
Chemicals called insecticides can be spayed on the plants to kill insects. Baits are used for rodents (rats, rabbit) and scare crow for birds. Chemicals called rodenticides can be used to kill rodents
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